Just How Accurate Are Consumer DNA Tests?

As DNA has become ever cheaper to analyze, home consumers are more than happy to shell out $200 in order to figure out their genetic ancestry. Companies like 23andMe, which offer the public a chance to discover where they’re from as well as what diseases they may be predisposed to.

However, as much as people are now relying on them in order to discover possibly unknown parts of their heritage, the results customers receive may not be so accurate after all. A new study was recently published in Genetics in Medicine by the company, Ambry Genetics which highlights the inaccuracies inherent to these companies.

According to the paper, when compared to methodologies used to analyze DNA for doctors and other laboratories, the at home DNA tests were giving false positives on their disease results as frequently as 40% of the time. That means that the at home companies would tell customers that a specific gene linked to a disease was found, but when the same samples were reanalyzed by Ambry Genetics, they found that the genetic marker was not in fact present in the samples.

That doesn’t mean that certain diseases aren’t correctly identified, but the company is only approved to designate a handful of genetic disease markers by the FDA. Those are the diseases that are included on the enticing reports that customers receive, but there’s a way to get more information from the company itself.

If you’re curious about other potential health risks you may be facing, you can download your raw data from the company, which can then be analyzed by a third party in order to understand far more about your genetic makeup than was provided in your initial report. However, that’s where the false positives start to crop up, because these companies never had to prove any stringency to the methods they’re using.

25 Colorized Photos That Give History a Fresh Perspective

Some historical photos shed a light on a historical figure, while others focus on a historical event. But what if we had the chance to see these images with color?

Wilbur Wright Piloting a Glider, 1902

There is no denying that Orville and Wilbur Wright revolutionized the way we live. This photo shows the latter piloting a glider in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1902. It’s amazing to think that just a year after this photo was taken, the Wright brothers would go on to invent the world’s first airplane – The Wright Flyer. Traveling would never be the same again and today, the world has never felt smaller, largely due to the internet but also due to planes.

Wilbur Wright Piloting a Glider, 1902

Female Samurai, 1880

It might come as a surprise, but there was a time when female samurais did exist in Japanese culture. Referred to as the Onna-Bugeisha, these fearless women were taken just as seriously as their male equivalents. During the late 1860s, a massive conflict began between some of the clans of northern Japan. Famous female warrior Nakano Takeko encouraged fellow female samurais to fight with her on the front line and ended up leading between 20 and 30 women in battle.

Female Samurai, 1880

Building the Statue of Liberty, 1881

Back in the 1800s, French Anti-Slavery Society president Édouard René de Laboulaye developed the idea of building the Statue of Liberty in memory of the independence of the United States of America. Although we know that construction was eventually successful, it turns out that it took a number of decades to finish the stunning statue. It takes inspiration from both Libertas, the goddess of freedom, and Columbia, the personification of America. It was transported to the US upon completion.

Building the Statue of Liberty, 1881

The Beatles, 1960

This colorized photo of The Beatles came when the iconic rock band still had five members. They were performing in Hamburg, Germany because they weren’t getting much success in their home city of Liverpool, which was at the time, an industrialized city. Eventually, John Lennon and co. made the tough decision of dropping their drummer, Pete Best. After they auditioned at EMI Studios in London, the band was advised to drop Pete and despite their apprehension, they went on to be the most successful band of all time.

The Beatles, 1960

Walt Disney Presenting a Map of Disneyland, 1955

Let’s face it – Hollywood would look completely different today if Walt Disney wasn’t around. His movies have inspired many generations and long after his passing, his company has become the gargantuan power in the film industry, acquiring huge properties such as Star Wars and Marvel. This colorized photo was taken back in 1955 when Disney was planning his very first theme park – Disneyland. He envisioned a safe place where families could enjoy themselves with no outside disturbances.

Walt Disney Presenting a Map of Disneyland, 1955

Henry Behrens, 1956

In 1956, Henry Behrens was the smallest man in the world and during this time, it was tough for small people to make a living. At the time, Behrens was a member of the “Burton Lest’s midget troupe.” In this colorized photo, Behrens can be seen by the door of his home with his pet cat standing next to him. As Behrens was only 30 inches tall, this common black house cat looks more like a small panther than a house pet.

Henry Behrens, 1956

Construction of the Hoover Dam, 1935

It’s amazing to think about how much concrete was used and how many lives were lost to construct the Hoover Dam. Bordering Arizona and Nevada, the dam was originally called the Boulder Dam and was built in honor of Franklin D. Roosevelt. However, it was later agreed that the dam would be renamed in honor of Herbert Hoover. Many workers had relocated to this area during the Great Depression, hoping to have a better quality of life.

Construction of the Hoover Dam, 1935

Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge, 1934

One of the most iconic structures in the US is, without a shadow of a doubt, the Golden Gate Bridge. Built to connect San Francisco with Marin County, builders started constructing this beautiful bridge back in 1933 and was unveiled to the public four years later. Before its construction, many believed that it was impossible to build the Golden Gate Bridge. Despite worries that it could cost over $100 million, Joseph Baermann Strauss was determined to get the job done.

Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge, 1934

Mechanic Fixing a Steam Pump, 1920

One of the most impressive efforts to put together a number of colorized historical photos is The Paper Time Machine. Together with Dynamichrome’s Jordan Lloyd and Retronaut’s Wolfgang Wild, this collaborative effort resulted in a book full of incredible images, including this one. The photo in question is of a mechanic who was fixing a steam pump during the 1920s. Had The Paper Time Machine never happened, people might never have been able to fully appreciate this picture.

Mechanic Fixing a Steam Pump, 1920

Dr. John Archibald Purves & the Dynasphere, 1932

While the Dynasphere did not exactly reinvent the wheel, it was still a fascinating invention, to say the least. Dr. John Archibald Purves took inspiration from a sketch made by Leonardo da Vinci and quite literally, rolled with it. He patented the monowheel car in 1930, while also designing electrical and gasoline-powered editions. A common misconception about this colorized photo is that Purves himself is riding the Dynasphere. It’s actually his son who is using it in this test run.

Dr. John Archibald Purves & the Dynasphere, 1932

Walt Whitman, 1868

Certainly one of the most important poets in American history is the one and only, Walt Whitman. Bridging the gap between transcendentalism and realism, Whitman is often referred to as the father of free verse. A controversial figure in his heyday, Whitman’s collection Leaves of Grass was considered to be obscene when it was released but is nowadays one of the most revered collections of poetry of the last 200 years. Whitman tried to reach out to the common man through his work.

Walt Whitman, 1868

Berlin Wall Pass Agreement, 1963

While the two men in this photo are not particularly famous, the historical event that led to their embrace certainly is. It was a few decades before the fall of the Berlin Wall. However, in 1963, a border pass agreement was made between West and East Germany, two years after its construction. This means that relatives and loved ones from either side could briefly reunite. In this colorized photo, two brothers had been separated for two years before having this emotional reunion.

Berlin Wall Pass Agreement, 1963

A Guadeloupean Woman at Ellis Island, 1911

During the early 20th century, many foreigners came to the United States via Ellis Island in order to pursue the American dream. Between 1892 and 1954, Ellis Island was the country’s biggest immigrant inspections station, processing approximately 12 million immigrants during that time. One of those people was this woman from the French Caribbean archipelago of Guadeloupe. There is a chance that she may have had to stop there on her way to a French-speaking job in Montreal, Canada.

A Guadeloupean Woman at Ellis Island, 1911

Franz Reichelt, Early 20th Century

A historical figure whose death was as tragic as his life was successful, Franz Reichelt had a truly unique story. The Austrian-born French tailor designed and made foldable silk wings which earned him 10,000 francs in prize money. These wings, which were referred to as the “parachute-suit,” included rubber linings and a canopy, but still resembled more traditional flight suits that were used at the time. Sadly though, while testing a parachute, Reichelt fell from the Eiffel Tower to his death.

Franz Reichelt, Early 20th Century

Vivien Leigh, 1939

Vivien Leigh is widely regarded as one of the most well-respected actresses of the 20th century. However, there is no denying that her most iconic role came as Scarlet O’Hara in the extremely successful movie, 1939’s Gone with the Wind. This colorized photo was taken while Leigh was on the set of the movie. Funnily enough, things could have been so different for Leigh, who nearly didn’t get the part after she used her British accent during the audition process.

Vivien Leigh, 1939

Louis Armstrong at the Pyramids of Giza, 1961

Before social media was even a thing, stars such as Louis Armstrong were having photos of himself taken in a more traditional way. This colorized photo sees the Jazz musician performing for his wife in front of the Pyramids and Sphynx.

Louis Armstrong at the Pyramids of Giza, 1961

Joan Crawford On the Set of Letty Lynton, 1932

There is no denying that Joan Crawford is one of the greatest actresses to have ever lived. With a long filmography to her name, Crawford was at the peak of her acting powers when this photo was taken. She was on the set of her movie Letty Lynton, in which she played the title character. Based on the novel of the same name, Letty Lynton is about a young woman who gets away with murder.

Joan Crawford On the Set of Letty Lynton, 1932

Amelia Earhart, 1930s

Of course, Amelia Earhart is best known for having been the first female pilot ever to have flown over the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, she was the first pilot to fly across both the Atlantic and the Pacific. However, after a decade of glory, the iconic pilot went missing in 1937 during her attempt to fly around the world. A common theory is that Earhart must have run out of fuel after flying between 35-100 miles away from Howland Island.

Amelia Earhart, 1930s

Soldier Leaving His Wife for War, 1943

A common discipline that soldiers adopt is to abandon their emotional attachments while at war. During World War II, which was arguably the most dangerous war of the 20th century, soldiers were emotionally prepared to not return home. Finding ways to communicate with loved ones was difficult, so that final hug that many soldiers shared with friends and family was absolutely priceless. This colorized photo, which was taken at Penn. Station, New York City, perfectly demonstrates this.

Soldier Leaving His Wife for War, 1943

Lucille Ball, 1940s

There was something unique about Lucille Ball that other Hollywood stars of the era didn’t seem to have. Due to her affiliation with the Marx Brothers and her eccentric behavior, the I Love Lucy star was difficult to ignore when on screen. Ball admitted that her hard work and persistence were instrumental in her success in the world of film and TV. This colorized photo from the 1940s is a perfect example of Ball’s larger than life persona.

Lucille Ball, 1940s

Susan Peters, 1943

There is no denying that Susan Peters’ final chapter in life was tragic. In 1945, the actress experienced a terrible hunting accident, which left her permanently paralyzed from the waist up. She would have to spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair. Amazingly, this didn’t stop Peters from acting. This photo, which has since been colorized, was taken two years before her life-changing accident and nine years before Peters died from chronic infection and pneumonia.

Susan Peters, 1943

RMS Titanic, 1912

People might be familiar with what the RMS Titanic looked like from the classic 90s movie, directed by James Cameron. However, there are hardly any real color photos, if any, of the passenger liner, which was constructed back in 1909. The RMS Titanic was a thing of luxury, boasting some of the greatest amenities ever seen on a ship. This colorized photo was taken the same year that the ship infamously hit an iceberg and sank in the North Atlantic ocean.

RMS Titanic, 1912

Albert Einstein, 1921

The impact that Albert Einstein has had on physics and the way we think, in general, is unquestionable. The German-born physicist moved to the US to flee the extreme racism he faced and during the last two decades of his life, he lived in Princeton, New Jersey. This colorized photo was taken during his time there and he famously compared Princeton to Pasadena, California. One of the most intelligent people of the 20th century, Einstein worked at the Institute of Advanced Study before his death in 1955.

Albert Einstein, 1921

Alfred Hitchcock, 1960s

They didn’t call him the master of suspense for nothing. Sir Alfred Hitchcock is, without a doubt, one of the most important figures in the history of filmmaking, having created masterpieces such as Psycho, Vertigo and The Birds. Seeing that his career spanned over six decades, Hitchcock saw the evolution of cinema before his very eyes and made films both in black and white and in color. Ironically, this photo was originally black and white and has since been colorized.

Alfred Hitchcock, 1960s

Queen Victoria With Her Family, 1894

This colorized photo shows Queen Victoria and King Edward VII having a family photo with their children and relatives at a wedding which took place in Coburg, Germany in 1894. This photo is a rare example of the European royal family happily coexisting before World War I broke out. “The whole of our large family party was photographed by English, as well as German photographers,” Victoria wrote in her journal. “Many groups were taken, & some of me with Vicky & my three sons, & William.”

Queen Victoria With Her Family, 1894

Brigitte Bardot, 1965

Here we have a young Brigitte Bardot enjoying some time in the summer sun. Often referred to by her initials, B.B., Bardot is a French former actress, singer, and animal rights activist who took the world by storm throughout the ’50s and ’60s. And while she stepped out of the spotlight back in 1973, Brigitte’s successful career — acting in 47 films, performing in several musicals, and recording more than 60 songs — helped to make her the pop culture icon that we still know and love today.

Brigitte Bardot, 1965

Mona Lisa, 1945

Let’s be real; Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is easily one of the most, if not the most, well-known and beloved paintings. So much so that it’s actually been stolen several times. In any case, this photo shows the staff at the Louvre unpacking the iconic painting at the end of World War II in 1945. In turns out that at the start of the war, Jacques Jaujard — director of France’s National Museums — came up with a plan to keep the art in the Louvre from falling into the hands of the oppressors.

Mona Lisa, 1945

Elizabeth Taylor, 1956

Oh, Elizabeth Taylor — yet another Hollywood legend. An English-American actress, Taylor began her career as a child actress during the early 1940s and became a household name from then on. Then again, that’s not much of a surprise considering she had a career that lasted over 60 years! Here, in this photo, you can see Taylor on the set of Giant in 1956. The film, directed by George Stevens, is a Western drama film starring Taylor, Rock Hudson, and James Dean.

Elizabeth Taylor, 1956

Charlie Chaplin & Albert Einstein, 1931

Wowza — talk about an iconic photo. Charlie Chaplin, for those of you who don’t recognize the name, was an English comic actor and filmmaker that rose to fame in the era of silent film. Standing next to him is his pal, Albert Einstein (we won’t bother telling you who that is because you should just know). This photo, taken in February of 1931, shows Chaplin attending an LA premiere of his film City Lights, and he’s accompanied by none other than Einstein along with Einstein’s wife, Elsa.

Charlie Chaplin & Albert Einstein, 1931

Sally Field, 1965

An award-winning actress and director, Sally Field first stepped into the world of entertainment back in 1962. She began her professional career on television, starring in a few short-lived comedies including Gidget. In fact, in this photo, 18-year-old Field is relaxing on the set of the sitcom. Although the show only lasted for one season, Field went on to become one of the biggest stars in Hollywood. Now 73 years old, Field shows no signs of slowing down anytime soon.

Sally Field, 1965

Geologist Thomas Griffith Taylor & Meteorologist Charles Wright, 1911

We have to admit that we don’t think we’ve ever seen a photo cooler than this one. In January of 1911, geologist Thomas Griffith Taylor and meteorologist Charles Wright were photographed at the entrance of a grotto (or cave) formed in the side of an iceberg with the Terra Nova ship in the background. You see, explorations of the Arctic were all the craze at the turn of the century. Explorers were competing with one another to be the first person to reach the South Pole. And so, in 1911, British explorer Robert Falcon Scott — along with his team — set out on the Terra Nova Expedition.

Geologist Thomas Griffith Taylor & Meteorologist Charles Wright, 1911